International Rules and Guidelines

International Rules and Guidelines on child Rights and Protection issues

Asia

United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (“The Beijing Rules”) Adopted by General Assembly resolution 40/33 of 29 November 1985

https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/beijingrules.pdf

U.N CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

https://www.unicef.org/child-rights-convention/convention-text

UNICEF

United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty

https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/united-nations-rules-protection-juveniles-deprived-their-liberty

U.N General Assembly resolution 45/113

https://www.ilo.org/international-programme-elimination-child-labour-ipec/what-child-labour/ilo-conventions-child-labour

ILO Conventions on child labour (Convention No.138 on Minimum Age and Convention No. 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour).

HAGUE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CHILD ABDUCTION

AUTHOR: THE LAW LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

MAKING CHILDRENÂ€™S RIGHTS WORK

AUTHOR: INTERNATIONAL BUREAU FOR CHILDRENÂ€™S RIGHTS, 2006

CHILD ABUSE

Child abuse or maltreatment constitutes ‘all forms of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment or commercial or other exploitation, resulting in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power. (World Health Organization, 2005)

child protection from violence, exploitation and abuse

AUTHOR: UNICEF,2013

AUTHOR: UNESCO,2014

sexual abuse and exploitation of boys in south asia:a review of research findings, legislation, policy and program responses.

AUTHOR: UNICEF,2010

mapping of psychosocial support for girls and boys affected by child sexual abuse

AUTHOR: SAVE THE CHILDREN,2003

child abuse and neglect by parents and other caregivers

AUTHOR: WORLD REPORT ON VIOLENCE AND HEALTH

sex, abuse and childhood

AUTHOR: WORLD VISION AUSTRALIA 2014

Child Trafficking

Article 3(a) defines trafficking in persons as: “…the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, or fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs”. Article 3(b) explains that ‘consent’ – for example to take up work in prostitution – is irrelevant where any of the means set forth in 3(a) have been used; Article 3(c) explains that “the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation” is considered to be trafficking even if none of the means set forth in 3(a) have been used. So, in short, the broadly agreed, concise definition of CHILD trafficking is the: recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation. (International Labor Organization, 2012)

south asia in action: preventing and responding to child trafficking

AUTHOR: UNICEF,2009

risk and realities of child trafficking and exploitation in central asia

AUTHOR: UNICEF,2009

child trafficking in east and south east asia: revising the trend

AUTHOR: UNICEF,2009

situation review on trafficking

AUTHOR: UNICEF EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC REGIONAL OFFICE

Child Labour

The International Labor Organization states that not all work done by children should be classified as child labor that is to be targeted for elimination. Children’s or adolescents’ participation in work that does not affect their health and personal development or interfere with their schooling is generally regarded as being something positive. This includes activities such as helping their parents around the home, assisting in a family business or earning pocket money outside school hours and during school holidays. These kinds of activities contribute to children’s development and the welfare of their families, providing them with skills and experiences that help prepare them to be productive members of society in their adult life.

The term “child labor” is often defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential, and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that;

is mentally, physically, socially, or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and
interferes with their schooling by:
depriving them of the opportunity to attend school;
obliging them to leave school prematurely; or
Requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work.

CHILD LABOUR STATISTICAL PROFILE: EASTERN AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC ISLANDS

https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@ipec/documents/publication/wcms_831535.pdf

AUTHOR: INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION

Child Labour in South Asia

Recent national surveys from seven South Asian countries estimate 30 million children in employment, almost 17 million in child labour, and 50 million children out of school. These findings have limitations, key ones being: not all children in employment can be considered as being in child labour; not all forms of child labour are being captured by these statistical surveys; and there are considerable variations in the survey methodologies and scope across the countries. (ILO)

Click the link below to know more about child labour

http://www.ilo.org/newdelhi/areasofwork/child-labour/WCMS_300805/lang–en/index.htm

AUTHOR: ILO,2010

training manual to fight trafficking in children for labour, sexual and other forms of exploitation

AUTHOR: ILO,2009

introduction to global child labor

AUTHOR: CHILD LABOR PUBLICATION EDUCATION PROJECT

what is known about crisis and child labour

AUTHOR: UNICEF

child labour and out-of-school children evidence from 25 developing countries

AUTHOR: UCW

the end of child labour within reach.pdf